Introduction
A tarp is an indispensable tool for any survival kit, offering a multitude of uses from shelter construction to water collection. Understanding how to select the right tarp and apply it effectively can make a significant difference in your preparedness. This guide will walk you through the essential aspects of tarp selection and usage.
Tarp Uses
Shelter Construction
One of the most critical uses of a tarp is building emergency shelters. You can create a simple lean-to by securing one end of the tarp to a tree and the other to the ground. For added stability, use paracord to tie the corners and edges to trees or stakes. This setup provides protection from rain and wind. Alternatively, you can make a more complex A-frame shelter by suspending the tarp between two trees and securing the corners to the ground.
Water Collection
Collecting rainwater is crucial for hydration in survival situations. To do this, you can use a tarp as a funnel. Place the tarp on the ground with one corner elevated to catch the water. Connect a container to the low corner to collect the water. For larger quantities, you can stretch the tarp between trees and direct the water into a collection point.
Carrying Supplies
Tarps are excellent for carrying gear, especially when you need to distribute weight evenly. To do this, fold the tarp into a rectangle and place your gear in the center. Tie the corners together to create a carrying handle. This method distributes the weight evenly across your shoulders, reducing strain.
Fire Protection
If you need to build a fire near your shelter, a fire-resistant tarp can protect your gear from sparks and embers. Place the tarp between your gear and the fire, ensuring it’s securely fastened to prevent it from catching fire.
Material Specifications
When selecting a tarp, consider the following specifications:
Weave
The weave of the tarp is crucial for durability. A 10×6 polyethylene weave is ideal as it provides a balance between strength and flexibility. This weave pattern ensures the tarp can withstand harsh weather conditions without tearing.
Weight
The weight of the tarp should be light enough to carry easily but heavy enough to withstand wind. Common weights range from 2.5oz to 2.9oz per square yard. Lighter tarps are more portable but may not be as durable in windy conditions.
Grommets
Grommets are essential for securing the tarp. They should be placed every 36 inches to provide enough lashing points. These grommets allow you to tie the tarp securely to trees, stakes, or other objects.
Sizes
Common tarp sizes include 8×10 ft, 12×16 ft, and 5×7 ft. The finished size may be slightly smaller after hemming. Choose a size that fits your needs, considering the number of people you need to shelter or the amount of gear you need to carry.
Sizing and Safety
Cut Size vs. Finished Size
When purchasing a tarp, remember that the finished size will be smaller than the cut size due to hemming. Allow extra material for hemming and wear. For example, if you need a 10×10 ft tarp, purchase a 10.5×10.5 ft tarp to ensure you have enough material.
Lashing Points
Securely fastening the tarp is crucial for stability. Use smooth rocks, golf balls, or paracord for lashing. Paracord is particularly useful as it can be used for multiple purposes, such as securing gear or creating makeshift tools.
Fire Resistance
If you plan to use a tarp near a fire, choose a fire-resistant tarp. These tarps are treated with flame-retardant chemicals that prevent them from catching fire easily. This is especially important if you need to build a fire near your shelter.
Selection Criteria
Affordability
Quality tarps can be purchased for under $30. This price point provides a good balance between cost and durability. Look for brands that offer a warranty or guarantee to ensure you’re getting a reliable product.
Material Evaluation
When evaluating a tarp, consider its UV resistance, tear strength, and water repellency. UV resistance is crucial for longevity, as exposure to sunlight can degrade the material. Tear strength is important for durability, especially in windy conditions. Water repellency ensures the tarp remains functional even in wet conditions.
Skill Application
Mastering tarp usage requires practice. Learn how to calculate the correct size for your needs, how to lash the tarp securely, and how to distribute weight evenly when carrying gear. These skills will make your tarp more effective in survival situations.