Why This Skill or Topic Matters in an Emergency or Survival Situation

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus. In survival situations, where medical resources are scarce and public health measures may be compromised, preventing MERS becomes crucial to protect yourself and others from severe illness and potential death. Understanding how to prevent MERS can help you maintain your health and safety during emergencies.

What You Need

  • Soap and water
  • Alcohol-based hand sanitizers with at least 60% alcohol
  • Disinfectant wipes or sprays
  • Masks and gloves
  • Personal protective equipment (PPE) if available
  • Knowledge of MERS symptoms and transmission methods

Step-by-Step Instructions or Key Techniques

  1. Wash Hands Regularly: Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after being in a public place, or after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
  2. Avoid Close Contact: Maintain a distance of at least 1 meter (3 feet) from people who are sick. Avoid close contact with anyone showing symptoms of respiratory illness.
  3. Wear Masks: Wear a mask when you are in a public place or around people who may be sick. Masks can help prevent the spread of respiratory droplets.
  4. Disinfect Surfaces: Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces using a disinfectant wipe or spray. Focus on areas like doorknobs, light switches, countertops, handles, desks, phones, keyboards, toilets, faucets, and sinks.
  5. Avoid Touching Your Face: Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.
  6. Cover Coughs and Sneezes: Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, then throw the tissue in the trash and wash your hands.
  7. Stay Home When Sick: If you feel unwell, stay home and avoid close contact with others.
  8. Wear Gloves: Use gloves when handling potentially contaminated items and dispose of them properly after use.
  9. Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): If available, use PPE like gloves, masks, and goggles to protect yourself from infection.
  10. Practice Respiratory Hygiene: Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, then throw the tissue away immediately.

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

  • Not Washing Hands Properly: Ensure you wash your hands thoroughly for at least 20 seconds, especially after being in public places or handling potentially contaminated objects.
  • Incorrect Use of Masks: Wear masks properly, covering both your nose and mouth. Avoid touching the mask while wearing it and change it frequently.
  • Disinfecting Inadequately: Use disinfectants correctly, ensuring you cover all surfaces thoroughly and allow the disinfectant to sit for the recommended time.
  • Ignoring Symptoms: If you develop symptoms like fever, cough, or shortness of breath, seek medical attention immediately.
  • Not Practicing Social Distancing: Maintain a safe distance from others, especially those who are sick or showing symptoms.

Variations, Tips, or Related Techniques Worth Knowing

  • Use of Natural Disinfectants: If commercial disinfectants are unavailable, you can use a solution of water and bleach (1 part bleach to 9 parts water) or a mixture of water and vinegar (1 part vinegar to 1 part water) for disinfecting surfaces.
  • Ventilation: Ensure good ventilation in enclosed spaces to reduce the concentration of airborne viruses.
  • Personal Hygiene: Maintain good personal hygiene practices, including regular bathing and changing clothes frequently.
  • Avoid Sharing Personal Items: Do not share personal items like toothbrushes, towels, or eating utensils.
  • Stay Informed: Keep yourself updated with the latest information on MERS and follow the guidelines provided by health authorities.
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